Avinash Research

Dr M L Raja

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Year of birth of Kothai Andal

Year of birth of Kothai Andal
Sreemat Andal is one of the 12 Azhvars who devoted their whole life in the devotion on Sreemath Narayana. These 12 Azhvars also sang devotional songs on Sreemat Narayana which are collectively known as Nalayira Divya Prabhantham. Kothai Andal who is worshiped as Mother Goddess by Hindus especially Vaishnavits, is famous for Her song Tiruppavai which was sung by Her in the holy month of Margasirsa. Sreemat Andal, who is worshiped as the incarnation of Mother Earth, was born in the holy city Srivilliputhur which is in southern part of Tamilnadu state of Bharat, close to the western mountain range. Sree Vishnu chittar who is famously known as Periyazhvar (one of the 12 Azhvars) is Her father. (zha is a special la in our Tamil language)
The time at which these 12 Azhvars lived is not given adequate importance, as the people gave more attention to their teachings and show more interest on the devotional songs sung by them and the devotees are always fond of dipping in the ocean of these songs and immersing in the spiritual enjoyment of the immense feelings in the devotion and realising their identity and oneness with the Almighty. However, there are references either internally in their devotional songs or in the sloka of later Vaishnavits about the time of these Azhvars.

In this article, let us analyse the year of birth of Kothai Andal. If we search internet or any text about the period of Sreemat Andal or of any other Alvar, it is said that they belong to 7th or 8th century C.E. Actually speaking, there is no research or study have been conducted on the dates of Alvars and even Nayanmars, the great Saiva Bhakta Jnanies. It is commonly said that 7th and 8th century can be considered as the period of Bhakti movement in Tamilnadu and hence these Alvars and Nayanmars were belong to this period. Then if we ask the question why 7th and 8th century C.E. is considered as the period of Bhakti movement, the answer told was that this is because the Alvars and Nayanmars lived in this period and they spread Vaishnava and Saiva Bhakti among the people during this period. Thus it is clearly a circular argument, where one proves the other and the proof of the first theory is the second theory which is totally based on the first theory. Except this, there is no other proof. Hence it is essential to derive the date of Sreemat Andal independently, not based on any type of circular argument.
Sreemat Andal’s birth year is given in the text of Pinbazhakiya Perumal Jeeyar who was a disciple of Nampillai who in turn is a strong Vaishnavit and lived during the time of Sreemat Ramanujar. Since this text was composed during the period of Sree Ramanujar, it is 1000 years ancient. This text was published by Se.Krishnamacaryar and printed at Noble Printing Press, Tiruvallikeni, Chennai in 1927. In his “Araayirappadi Guru Parampara Prabhavam” Pinbazhakiya Perumal Jeeyar wrote as,
“siddhaanaam Saradaam Kalaavapagame Varshe Nalaakhye Ravaau
yate karkkatakam vidhaavupacite shashti ahni Sreemati
nakshatra aryamadaivate Kshitabhuvo vaare caturthyaam tithau
Godaa pradurabhooda cintyamahimaa Sreevishnucittaatmajaa”
(S is pronounced as in Sankara, s is pronounced as sarasvati, sh is pronounced as shanmukha, aa is long vowel, a is short vowel.
Thus, it means that Sreemat Andal, the daughter of Sree Vishnucitta, was born in 97 years of Kaliyuga (‘siddha” in Katapayati sankhya and by Angaanaam vaamato gati denotes the number 97, s is 7 and dha is 9 and we have to reverse it and thus it is 97), in Nala year, in Ashadha month (Sun in Karkkataka), Poorva Phalguni (Poora) Nakshatra, 6th day, Sukla Paksha 4th thithi, Tuesday.

In the same way the year of birth of Periyazhvar, father of Sreemat Andal is mentioned in the same text as,
“tatvaabdaapagame Kalau yugavare samvatsare krodhane
canDaamSau mithunangata ahni navame pakshe valarksha api ca
svaatyaam Bhaaskaravaasare SubhatithavekaadaSeenaamani
Sreemaanaavirabhooda cintyamahimaa Sreevishnucitta Anagha:”
(ta, tha, da and dha are of “tha” series and Ta, THa, Da and Dha are of “Ta” series)
Thus, it means Sree Vishnucitta (Periyazhvar) was born in 46th year of Kaliyuga (‘tatva” in katapayati sankhya and anganaam vaamatogati denotes 46 as ta is 6 and va is 4 and we have to reverse it and thus it is 46), in Krodhana year, in Jyeshtha month (Sun in Mithuna), 9th day, Sukla paksha Ekadasi thithi, Sunday, Svati Nakshatra.
Thus Periyazhvar (Vishnucittar) was born in 46th year of Kaliyuga in Krodhana year i.e. 3101 – 46 = 3055 B.C.E. and Sreemat Andal was born in 97th year of Kaliyuga in Nala year i.e. 3101 – 97 = 3004 B.C.E. The difference between the birth year of Periyazhvar and Sreemat Andal is 51 years and Periyazvar actually found out the child in a flower garden and took the child to his home and brought Her up and that child is Sreemat Andal. That is why the age difference is 51 years. The difference between the 60 years cyclic year Krodhana to Nala is also 51 years i.e. from Krodhana to Nala and thus it also fits within correctly.

Now we are going to analyse the internal evidence for the birth time of Sreemat Andal.
Sreemat Andal’s highly devotional poem is Tiruppavai (Tamil). It has 30 songs. Here one song is for each day and thus 30 songs are for 30 days of Margasirsa month and first song was sung on the first day and second song on the second day and like that up to 30 days of the month. These songs were sung to wake up the young girls in the early morning before Sun rise and to motivate them in Sree Krishna Bhakti. In Tiruppavai in 1st song, which was sung on the first day of Margasirsa month, Sreemat Andal mentioned two things.
The first line is,
“Maargazhi thingal Mati niraintha nannaalaal”
This means that on the first day of Margasirsa month (Maargazhi Thingal), the Moon was either Full Moon or near Full Moon (Mathi is Moon in Tamil and Niraintha means with fully filled in). In Candramana calendar, based on Moon’s revolution around Earth, there are two types, one is Paurnamanta where the Candramana month begins on the next day of Full Moon (Pratama thithi after Paurnamai Krishna Paksha) and ends on the day of Full Moon and Amanta type where the Candramana month begins on the next day of New Moon (Pratama thithi after Amavasya Sukla Paksha) and ends on the day of New Moon. Since here the Month began with Full or near Full Moon, it is Paurnamanta type of Candramana month of Margasirsa.

In Tiruppavai, at the 4th line of 13th song (which was sung on the 13th day early morning before Sun rise) it was mentioned as,
“Velli ezhunthu Viyazham urangitru”
which means that on the 13th day early morning before Sunrise, Venus rose (in the East, Velli is Venus and ezhunthu means rose) and Jupiter set (in the west, Viyazham is Jupiter and urangitru means set). Thus on the 13th day early morning i.e on the near completion of 12th day of Margasirsa month, Venus rose in the east before Sun and Jupiter set in the west. Since the rise of Venus and setting of Jupiter especially the rise of Venus must be before Sun rise, because if the Venus rises after Sun rise, one cannot see the rise of Venus, as it will be obscured by the bright Sun light. Venus is always close to Sun because it revolves around the Sun within the elliptical orbit of the Earth. The maximum elongation of Venus i.e. the difference between the longitude of Sun and Venus is 45 to 47 degrees only. The songs were sung in the early morning before Sun rise. Hence it means that Venus rose in the east just before Sun rise in the east on this day. Then Jupiter is revolving the Sun external to the elliptical orbit of Earth. Hence it always rises in the east and sets in the west, as the Earth rotates on its axis from west to east. Thus on the 13th day early morning Jupiter set in the west at Sunrise. This means that Jupiter was opposite to Sun and Venus in the zodiac circle i.e. around 180 degrees away from Sun and Venus.

Since this Margasirsa month began on the first day of pratama thithi of Krishna Paksha, then on the end of 12th day, the difference between the longitude of Sun and Moon will be 24 to 42 degrees, depending on the time of occurrence of Paurnamai and Amavasya, as Amavasya occurs after 14th to 16th day from Paurnami. Hence the longitude of Moon is 24 to 42 degrees less than that of Sun, on the completion of 12th day in Krishna Paksha. Since this is Margasirsa month in Candramana Paurnamanta calendar, Sun and Venus will be at Dhanus or in Vrischika zodiac sign. There is a difference between Candramana and Sauramana Calendar. Sauramana Calendar is based on the Earth’s revolution around the Sun. In Sauramana Calendar only, at the beginning of Margasirsa month, Sun will be at 240 degrees. In Candramana Calendar it will be less than 240 degrees, up to a maximum of 27 degrees less and when the difference touches 30 degrees, it will be calculated as excess (Adhika) month, as in 30 days, the Earth will revolve 30 degrees around the Sun making it as a month. (Earth’s revolution around the Sun is counted as Sun’s revolution and hence Sun’s revolution for 30 degrees in 30 days is counted as a month). Thus the longitude of Sun can be less than 240 degrees and hence Sun can be in Vrischika zodiac sign. Then Moon will be in Vrischika or Tula zodiac sign, Venus in Vrischika and Jupiter is in Mithuna or Vrishibha zodiac sign, in the year of Tiruppavai, i.e. when Sreemat Andal had grown up as a young girl.

Now since Jupiter revolves around the Sun in 11.8609631541 years for one full revolution. Thus once in (almost) 12 years only Jupiter will be at Vrishibha or Mithuna zodiac sign. Based on this, we can calculate in which year Jupiter was at Mithuna or just before Mithuna. After that we can fix Sun and then Moon. Finally the longitude of Venus is calculated and it must be just 5 to 10 degrees less than the longitude of Sun, as Venus rose just before Sun rise. The year which satisfies all these 4 conditions, will be the year of Tiruppavai.

The Graha Laghava is an astronomical text wrote by Sri Ganesa Daivajna in 1442nd year of Salivahana Saka i.e. 1520 C.E. (500 years before present). He lived in the area of Maharashtra. In that text he wrote the mean (Madhya) positions of Graha and Sighrakendra of Venus and Mercury, at Sun rise on the Sukla Paksha Pratama thithi of Chaitra month of 1442nd Salivahana Saka year at Ujjaini. From that using the Trigonometric calculations as found in the ancient astronomical texts of our Nation, any one can calculate the mean positions of Graha for any date either past or future or for the present year. From the mean position of Graha, by applying Desantara, Manda, Sighra and Bhujantara corrections, we can get the exact (sphuta) positions of the Graha for any day at any place. First we have to calculate the Ahargana (the number of days elapsed since the epoch i.e. the reference year) and then calculate the Mandoccha and Sighroccha of the Graha for the required year. Based on this we can calculate the exact Graha position. The details of these calculations are fully explained in my book “Astronomical Evidence of the Date of Mahabharata War” which can be read as a Kindle edition in amazon.in, amazon.uk.in and amazon.com.

Now the results are,
On the 108th year of Kaliyuga (2993 B.C.E.) when Sreemat Andal was 11 years old girl, on completion of 12th day, on the early morning of the 13th day of Candramana Paurnamanta Margasirsa month, the exact positions of 4 Graha were,
1. Sun 233 Degrees 36 Minutes, 2. Moon 191 Degrees 43 Minutes, 3. Venus 227 Degrees 35 Minutes and 4. Jupiter 61 Degrees 17 Minutes.
Venus was 6 degrees and 1 minute less than Sun and hence satisfied. Jupiter was 174 degrees and 19 minutes less than Sun and 166 degrees and 18 minutes less than Venus and hence it is at the opposite of the zodiac sign to Sun and Venus. Hence it is satisfied. Moon was 41 degrees 53 minutes less than Sun and hence satisfied. Sun was in the end part of Vriscika (210 to 240 degrees) and hence it is acceptable for Candramana Paurnamanta Calender. Venus was in Vriscika, Moon was in Tula and Jupiter was in Mithuna zodiac sign. Thus all are acceptable.
All these satisfy the fore mentioned 4 conditions. Hence the year at which Sreemat Andal sung Tiruppavai is 108 Kali (2993 B.C.E.)and it confirms the birth year of Sreemat Andal at 97 Kali (3004 B.C.E.) as given in the sloka of the text Araayirappadi Guru Parampara Prabhavam written 1000 years ago by Pinbazhakiya Perumal Jeeyar, who was a disciple of Nampillai who in turn lived during the time of Sreemat Ramanujacaryar.

Our Nation’s role in liberation of Israel

Haifa Day

It was on 23rd September 1918 at First World War. Haifa is a medium city in Israel, on its northern part, at the seashore of eastern part of Mediterranean Sea. Then, the whole of this land was under the control of Ottoman Empire of Turkey. Turkey, Austria, Hungary and Germany were collectively known as Central Powers who fought unitedly against the Allies. Britain was a partner in Allies. Then, Britain decided to attack Ottoman Empire at Haifa city. In the Royal Indian Army which was involved in this attack, there were three divisions. They were Jodhpur Lancers, Mysore Lancers and Hyderabad forces. All these three were princely states in Our Nation at that time. Mysore Lancers cleared the rocky slopes of Mount Carmel, Jodhpur Lancers charged through the defile and riding over the enemy’s machine guns, galloped into Haifa. Jodhpur Lancers were tasked to capture this position and Mysore Lancers were tasked to move around to attack Haifa from east and north. Three cavalry regiments of the three princely states i.e. Jodhpur, Mysore and  Hyderabad, escorted the prisoners of war.

In this battle, the most important role was played by Colonel Thakur Dalpat Singh Shekhawat of Jodhpur Lancers, whose gallantry attack, courage, velour and war planing resulted in the capture of Haifa from Ottoman Empire. Hence, he was awarded with Military Cross, the then higher military award. Thus, Haifa was the first part to be liberated in the history of formation of the Nation called Israel. Thus, in the creation of Israel, these three princely states of our Nation played a major and pioneering role.

The municipality of Haifa city has gone ahead with its decision to immortalize the sacrifices made by our Nation’s soldiers. The incidents of our soldiers valiant efforts in liberating Haifa are included in the school curricula as part of the history text books. Haifa Historical Society has done an extensive research on the role of our Nation’s army in liberating Haifa. Residents of Israeli Haifa, celebrate 23 red September as Haifa day with a series of cultural programs during that week. Consulate General of Israel in Bengaluru paid tributes at the memorial of Mysore Lancers at Bengaluru, on the 96th year. Our Army commemorates September 23rd every year as Haifa Day, to pay its respects to our brave Cavalry Regiments that helped to liberate Haifa city in 1918, following a dashing cavalry action by 15th Imperial Service Cavalry Brigade. The centenary (100th year) celebrations were culminated with a grand function by our Army at New Delhi on 23rd September 2018. Prime Minister Narendra Modi, on his visit to Israel, visited Haifa Memorial and paid homage to our soldiers who fought in World War 1. Our Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu paid tributes to our brave soldiers who fought at Haifa. They attended the ceremony at Teen Murti Memorial at New Delhi  and on that occasion, Teen Murti Chowk was renamed as Teen Murti Haifa Chowk. The Chowk is 4 road junction at which a statue structure was erected soon after the the Haifa victory, depicting three soldiers on three sides of the structure. These three soldiers represent Jodhpur Lancers, Mysore Lancers and Hyderabad forces. In the same way Teen Murti Bhavan also constructed which later became the residence of our then Prime Minister.

Thus in the liberation of Israel, the role played by our army is the turning point and altered the history at this area of land. Our soldiers’ pioneering role is great and should be remembered with much respect.

 

Chatrapathi Sivaji and Vietnam

There are interesting narrations one can find through internet about the link of life history and the warefare techniques of Chatrapathi Sivaji and the tiny Vietnam’s victory in its freedom war against the mighty United States of America (U.S.A.). Since these narrations described the incidences that occurred in 1970s, it is difficult to prove the veracity of these narrations, but one can understand and accept the ring of truth in these narrations.

The foreign Minister of Provisional Revolutionary Government of South Vietnam, Madam Nguyen Thi Binh came to our Nation in May 1976. During this visit, she garlanded the statue of Chatrapathi Sivaji. Then she went to Raigad, Maharashtra state. At Raigad fort she worshipped the Samadhi of Chatrapathi Sivaji and applied the bit of soil of Samadhi over her forehead with much respect. Then she collected a little bit of soil of Samadhi and put it in her bag. When asked about the reasons for her actions, she mentioned that the life history and war techniques of Chatrapathi Sivaji was the sole inspirational and guiding force that lead to the victory of  Vietnam against U.S.A. Thus, the sole purpose of her Visit was to show the gratitude and respect of Vietnam towards Chatrapathi Sivaji. She further added that she was going to sprinkle the soil collected at Samadhi over the soil of Vietnam, so that  Chatrapathi Sivaji like great personalities would be born in Vietnam also. Madam Binh later become Education Minister of Socialist Republic of Vietnam in June 1976 and Vice President in 2002.

The President of Vietnam, when he started Vietnam’s freedom war against U.S.A.,  happened to read the life history of Chatrapathi Sivaji. It gave him the much needed confidence, inspiration, War planning and tactics. He studied and admired how Chatrapathi Sivaji won the large armies of his enemies with his small and tiny army, by following excellent war techniques and tactics. Chatrapathi Sivaji used guerrilla warfare and many other war techniques and achieved great victories in all the 270 wars he fought. This give the President to chart out his plans and fighting method, which ultimately lead to Vietnam’s victory over U.S.A. The President instructed to inscribe the following line on his grave, “Here rests a mavala of Chatrapathi Sivaji”. Mavala means an ordinary soldier. The President even told that if Chatrapathi Sivaji had been born in Vietnam, Vietnam would have conquered the whole world.

Refer Sashakta Bharat

 

The Greatness and Uniqueness of our Nation Bharat

The greatness and the uniqueness of our Nation Bharat

Vishnu Purana written by Parasara Rishi (Father of Veda Vyasa of Mahabharata period and hence a minimum of 5150 years ancient) mentioned in its 2nd Adhyaya 3rd Chapter and 1st sloka as that the land north from Ocean and south from Himalayan Mountain is Bharatam and Its progeny are called Bharatians. In 22nd sloka of 3rd Chapter of 2nd Adhyaya, Vishnu Purana mentions, in the land of Jamboodveepa, Bharatam is the most auspicious, excellent, pre-eminent and most distinguished Nation and it is the land of Karma, whereas others are lands of Bhoga. In 23rd sloka of 3rd Chapter of 2nd Adhyaya, Vishnu Purana mentions,
due to the collection of Punya, which were done in thousands and thousands of births, a person may have the opportunity of taking birth occasionally, as a human being in that Nation Bharatam, In 24th sloka of 3rd Chapter of 2nd Adhyaya, Vishnu Purana mentions, Gods (Deva) sing that the persons born in Bharatam are more fortunate than the Gods themselves because Bharatam is the only route to reach Heaven and Almighty Himself.
These are all the greatness and uniqueness of our Beloved Motherland Bharat.

The sloka are attached and downloadable

The greatness and the uniquiness of our Nation Bharat_

One Man Army

One Man Army

Rifleman Jaswant Singh Rawat

Battle of Nuranang 4th  Battalion of Garwal Rifles

17th November 1962

Jaswant Singh Rawat, Lanes Naik Trilok Singh and RFN Gopal Singh Gusain crawled for 12 meters, throw grenades at Chinese bunkers, captured China’s Medium Machine Gun (MMG), fired at Chinese army with China’s MMG itself and inflicted heavy causalities on Chinese side. On that day our Army ordered to withdraw from that post. However Jaswant Singh Rawat stayed back and climbed a mountain of 10000 feet height and there installed many guns at constant distance. With the Monpa tribal girls Sela and Nura supplying ammunition, Rawat loaded the guns and fired at Chinese stations consistently passing from 1st to 2nd and like that to the last gun and returning in reverse order to 1st gun again. Thus, there was  a constant and consistent firing. It continued for three days both day and night fully without any gap. Thus, Chinese army thought that there was a Bharatian army battalion with high number.

Hence they stayed back without advancing. However, they suffered heavy causalities. Without eating properly and not at all sleeping, Rawat and the two girls worked hard for 3 days and stopped the advancement of Chinese army and at the same time inflicting heavy damage on them. On 3rd day Chinese army captured a villager who supplied food to these three and knew the fact. The got angry, came to the working spot of Rawat and tortured Nura. Seeing this, Sela climbed a peak and jumped into the below pass and died. That mountain and pass are named after her. Rawat shot himself. However Chinese army severed his head and taken away with them. On this day, (20th November 1962) China declared unilateral ceasefire and they returned Brass bust of Jaswant singh, feeling for their inhuman act and appreciating the braveness of Rawat. This was installed at a house named as Jaswant Garh and was worshiped as temple even now by the locals and our Army persons. He became a saint.

Army persons even now believe that he is serving our Nation and guiding them properly, when they miss directions. He was supplied tea and food regularly, his clothes were washed daily and shoes were polished which were on the next day morning seems to be with snow and dust, causing us to think that he had gone for night rounds. He was given regular promotions and leave also. Any army officer crossing Jaswant Garh used to salute him. Army people are believing that Jaswant Singh Rawat still serving our Motherland and safeguarding our territory. It is a known fact that his spirit still protects this Sela pass.

Rifleman Jaswant Singh Rawat still protects and guards our Beloved Motherland Bharat, even after death.

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